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B.Tech CSE DS

Data Structures Important Questions

Unit-wise important 2-mark, 5-mark and 10-mark questions based on the B.Tech syllabus for semester examination preparation.

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Unit I

Introduction, Lists, Stacks & Queues

Data Structures, Linked Lists, Stacks, Queues and their Applications

2-Mark Questions

15
  1. What is a data structure?
  2. What is an Abstract Data Type (ADT)?
  3. List the basic operations performed on data structures.
  4. How are data structures classified?
  5. What is a linear data structure?
  6. What is a singly linked list?
  7. What is a circular linked list?
  8. What is a doubly linked list?
  9. What is a stack?
  10. What is the LIFO principle?
  11. What is a queue?
  12. What is the FIFO principle?
  13. What is the difference between a stack and a queue?
  14. Name any two applications of stacks.
  15. Name any two applications of queues.

5-Mark Questions

10
  1. Explain the basic terminology and classification of data structures.
  2. Explain Abstract Data Types (ADTs) and their advantages.
  3. Explain the factors to consider when selecting a suitable data structure.
  4. Explain the representation and operations of a singly linked list.
  5. Explain circular linked lists with insertion and deletion operations.
  6. Explain doubly linked lists and their advantages over singly linked lists.
  7. Explain stack operations and the stack ADT with suitable algorithms.
  8. Explain queue operations and the queue ADT with suitable algorithms.
  9. Explain the applications of stacks and queues.
  10. Compare singly linked, circular and doubly linked lists.

10-Mark Questions

6
  1. Explain data structures, their terminology, classification, basic operations and Abstract Data Types in detail.
  2. Explain singly linked lists in detail and develop algorithms for insertion and deletion.
  3. Explain circular linked lists and doubly linked lists with suitable diagrams and algorithms.
  4. Explain the stack ADT, push and pop algorithms, and applications such as expression processing and function calls.
  5. Explain the queue ADT, insertion and deletion algorithms, and important applications of queues.
  6. Compare linked lists, stacks and queues with respect to representation, operations, advantages and applications.
Unit II

Trees

Binary Trees, BST, Threaded Trees, AVL, Red-Black and Splay Trees

2-Mark Questions

15
  1. What is a tree data structure?
  2. What is a binary tree?
  3. What is a general tree?
  4. What is a leaf node?
  5. What is tree traversal?
  6. Name the three depth-first traversals of a binary tree.
  7. What is a Binary Search Tree (BST)?
  8. What is BST insertion?
  9. What is BST deletion?
  10. What is a threaded binary tree?
  11. What is an AVL tree?
  12. What is a Red-Black tree?
  13. What is a Splay tree?
  14. What is tree balancing?
  15. State one application of a Binary Search Tree.

5-Mark Questions

10
  1. Explain the basic terminology and types of trees.
  2. Explain how a binary tree can be created from a general tree.
  3. Explain preorder, inorder and postorder traversal of a binary tree.
  4. Explain searching and insertion operations in a Binary Search Tree.
  5. Explain deletion in a Binary Search Tree for its different cases.
  6. Explain the Binary Search Tree ADT and its applications.
  7. Explain threaded binary trees and their advantages.
  8. Explain AVL trees and the need for balancing.
  9. Explain the basic properties of Red-Black trees.
  10. Explain the working principle of Splay trees.

10-Mark Questions

6
  1. Explain binary trees and all major traversal techniques with suitable examples.
  2. Construct a Binary Search Tree for a given sequence of keys and explain searching, insertion and deletion operations.
  3. Explain BST deletion in detail for leaf, one-child and two-child cases with diagrams.
  4. Explain AVL trees, balance factors and rotations used to maintain balance.
  5. Compare AVL, Red-Black and Splay trees with respect to balancing and operations.
  6. Explain threaded binary trees and their traversal mechanism with a suitable example.
Unit III

Pattern Matching & Tries

Brute Force, Boyer–Moore, KMP, Standard Tries, Compressed Tries and Suffix Tries

2-Mark Questions

15
  1. What is pattern matching?
  2. What is a text and what is a pattern?
  3. What is the brute-force pattern matching algorithm?
  4. What is the main idea of the Boyer–Moore algorithm?
  5. What is the Knuth-Morris-Pratt (KMP) algorithm?
  6. What is the purpose of the failure or prefix function in KMP?
  7. What is a trie?
  8. What is a standard trie?
  9. What is a compressed trie?
  10. What is a suffix trie?
  11. State one advantage of Boyer–Moore over brute-force matching.
  12. State one advantage of KMP over brute-force matching.
  13. What is a trie node?
  14. What is a prefix in a string?
  15. Mention one application of tries.

5-Mark Questions

8
  1. Explain the brute-force pattern matching algorithm with an example.
  2. Explain the basic idea and working steps of the Boyer–Moore algorithm.
  3. Explain the Knuth-Morris-Pratt algorithm and its prefix information.
  4. Compare brute-force, Boyer–Moore and KMP pattern matching methods.
  5. Explain standard tries and their representation.
  6. Explain compressed tries with a suitable example.
  7. Explain suffix tries and their applications.
  8. Discuss the advantages and limitations of trie-based string searching.

10-Mark Questions

6
  1. Explain the brute-force, Boyer–Moore and KMP pattern matching algorithms with suitable examples.
  2. Trace the KMP algorithm for a given text and pattern and show how the prefix information reduces comparisons.
  3. Explain the Boyer–Moore algorithm in detail and demonstrate its matching process on an example.
  4. Explain standard tries, compressed tries and suffix tries with diagrams and suitable examples.
  5. Compare the major pattern matching algorithms in terms of working principle, preprocessing and searching behavior.
  6. Develop a detailed solution for searching multiple strings using an appropriate trie structure.
Unit IV

Graphs & Sorting

Graph Representation, Traversal, Bi-connected Components and Advanced Sorting

2-Mark Questions

15
  1. What is a graph?
  2. What is a directed graph?
  3. What is a vertex and an edge?
  4. What is graph representation?
  5. Name two common graph representations.
  6. What is graph traversal?
  7. What is Breadth-First Search (BFS)?
  8. What is Depth-First Search (DFS)?
  9. What is a bi-connected component?
  10. What is the Graph ADT?
  11. What is radix sort?
  12. What is heap sort?
  13. What is shell sort?
  14. What is tree sort?
  15. State one application of graphs.

5-Mark Questions

10
  1. Explain directed graphs and their basic terminology.
  2. Explain adjacency matrix and adjacency list representations of graphs.
  3. Explain BFS traversal with a suitable example.
  4. Explain DFS traversal with a suitable example.
  5. Explain bi-connected components in graphs.
  6. Explain the Graph ADT and common graph applications.
  7. Explain radix sort with a suitable example.
  8. Explain heap sort and its basic working principle.
  9. Explain shell sort and the role of gaps.
  10. Explain tree sort and its relationship with binary search trees.

10-Mark Questions

6
  1. Explain graph representation using adjacency matrices and adjacency lists and compare them.
  2. Explain BFS and DFS graph traversal algorithms with suitable examples and traversal sequences.
  3. Explain bi-connected components and their significance in graph processing.
  4. Explain radix sort, heap sort, shell sort and tree sort with suitable examples.
  5. Compare the sorting techniques in this unit based on their working principles, advantages and limitations.
  6. Develop a complete solution for representing a graph and performing traversal operations using the Graph ADT.
Unit V

Hashing, Collision & File Organization

Hash Tables, Hash Functions, Collision Resolution, Files and Indexing

2-Mark Questions

15
  1. What is hashing?
  2. What is a hash table?
  3. What is a hash function?
  4. What is a collision in hashing?
  5. What is the division method of hashing?
  6. What is the multiplication method of hashing?
  7. What is the mid-square method?
  8. What is the folding method?
  9. What is open addressing?
  10. What is collision resolution by chaining?
  11. What is data hierarchy?
  12. What are file attributes?
  13. What is a text file?
  14. What is a binary file?
  15. What is file indexing?

5-Mark Questions

11
  1. Explain hash tables and the characteristics of a good hash function.
  2. Explain the division method of hashing with an example.
  3. Explain the multiplication method of hashing with an example.
  4. Explain the mid-square and folding methods of hashing.
  5. Explain collision resolution using open addressing.
  6. Explain collision resolution using chaining.
  7. Compare open addressing and chaining.
  8. Explain data hierarchy and file attributes.
  9. Explain text and binary files.
  10. Explain basic file operations and file organization.
  11. Explain indexing and its role in efficient file access.

10-Mark Questions

6
  1. Explain hashing, hash tables, hash functions and the major hash-function construction methods in detail.
  2. Construct a hash table using the division method for a given set of keys and demonstrate collision handling.
  3. Explain open addressing and chaining with suitable examples and compare their collision-resolution behavior.
  4. Explain division, multiplication, mid-square and folding hash functions with worked examples.
  5. Explain files, data hierarchy, file attributes, text and binary files, and basic file operations.
  6. Explain file organization and indexing methods and their role in efficient data management.
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Exam Preparation Tip

Start with the 2-mark questions for definitions and terminology. Then practice the 5-mark questions for concepts and algorithms. Finally, prepare the 10-mark questions with diagrams, traces, algorithms, comparisons and detailed explanations.